{"id":58,"date":"2026-03-20T14:48:01","date_gmt":"2026-03-20T05:48:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/?page_id=58"},"modified":"2026-04-28T12:11:26","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T03:11:26","slug":"faq","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/en\/support\/faq\/","title":{"rendered":"FAQ"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-base-color has-contrast-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-2a7ea626c0e3443883093ad12678c95b\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">General<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"#anchor-01-01\">Q1. What is a solar simulator?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"#anchor-01-02\">Q2. What is the difference between a xenon solar simulator and an LED solar simulator?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"#anchor-01-03\">Q3. What is AM1.5G and AM0?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-base-color has-contrast-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-b8bfa52fdfe1cacf560a32ec640fcbec\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Product Specifications<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><a href=\"#anchor-02-01\">Q4. What is the effective irradiation area?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><a href=\"#anchor-02-02\">Q5. What is working distance?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><a href=\"#anchor-02-03\">Q6. Does the irradiation area change if the working distancechanges?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><a href=\"#anchor-02-04\">Q7. What does 1 SUN mean?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-base-color has-contrast-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-dee5fb67bebd0a59393b76591517d3c8\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Measurement and Calibration<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"#anchor-03-01\">Q8. How is irradiance measured?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"#anchor-03-02\">Q9. What is the difference between a pyranometer and a reference cell?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"#anchor-03-03\">Q10. How is spectral distribution measured?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"#anchor-03-04\">Q11. What is spectral match?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-base-color has-contrast-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-e463e22b9642d6db36778de3143f9bc0\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Stability and Performance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"#anchor-04-01\">Q12. What is irradiance stability?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"#anchor-04-02\">Q13. Why is long-duration stability important?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"#anchor-04-03\">Q14. What is warm-up time?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"#anchor-04-04\">Q15. What is a shutter recovery test?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-base-color has-contrast-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-4d999df6b236206fb48b10f249249aec\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Ordering and Delivery<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"#anchor-05-01\">Q16. What is the typical lead time?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"#anchor-05-02\">Q17. Do you ship internationally?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-base-color has-contrast-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-ed6f6c47203402b9510e3b1ec7f1ca49\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Maintenance and Support<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"#anchor-06-01\">Q18. What is the expected lamp lifetime?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"#anchor-06-02\">Q19. Is extended warranty available?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong><a href=\"#anchor-06-03\">Q20. Is long-term maintenance available?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-x-large-font-size\"><strong>General<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-01-01\"><strong>Q1. What is a solar simulator?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A solar simulator is a laboratory light source designed to reproduce the solar spectrum under controlled and repeatable conditions. It is widely used for photovoltaic research, material testing, and optical experiments where stable and reproducible sunlight is required.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-01-02\"><strong><strong>Q2. What is the difference between a xenon solar simulator and an LED solar simulator?<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Xenon solar simulators provide a continuous spectrum that closely resembles natural sunlight, making them suitable for research requiring spectral continuity. LED solar simulators use multiple narrow-band emitters to approximate the solar spectrum and are often optimized for specific photovoltaic measurements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-01-03\"><strong><strong><strong>Q3. What is AM1.5G and AM0?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">AM (Air Mass) describes the path length of sunlight through the Earth&#8217;s atmosphere.<br>AM1.5G represents the global solar spectrum at the Earth&#8217;s surface under standard conditions, while AM0 represents the solar spectrum outside the Earth&#8217;s atmosphere, commonly used for space applications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>Product Specifications<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-02-01\"><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q4. What is the effective irradiation area?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The effective irradiation area is the region on the illumination plane where the irradiance uniformity meets the specified tolerance. Measurements outside this area may not meet the defined performance specifications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-02-02\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q5. What is working distance?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Working distance is the distance between the solar simulator optical output and the illumination plane where the specified irradiation area and performance are defined.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-02-03\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q6. Does the irradiation area change if the working distance changes?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Yes. Changing the working distance alters the optical geometry and therefore changes the effective irradiation area and irradiance distribution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-02-04\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q7. What does 1 SUN mean?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">1 SUN represents a standard solar irradiance of 1000 W\/m\u00b2 under AM1.5G conditions. It is the commonly used reference intensity for photovoltaic testing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong><strong><strong>Measurement and Calibration<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-03-01\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q8. How is irradiance measured?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Irradiance can be measured using calibrated pyranometers or calibrated reference solar cells, depending on the measurement method and application.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-03-02\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q9. What is the difference between a pyranometer and a reference cell?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A pyranometer measures total irradiance across a broad spectral range, while a reference cell is a photovoltaic device calibrated to represent the response of a specific solar cell technology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-03-03\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q10. How is spectral distribution measured?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Spectral distribution is measured using a spectroradiometer, which records irradiance as a function of wavelength across the specified spectral range.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-03-04\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q11. What is spectral match?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Spectral match describes how closely the simulator spectrum reproduces the reference solar spectrum within defined wavelength bands according to international standards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Stability and Performance<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-04-01\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q12. What is irradiance stability?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Irradiance stability describes how constant the output irradiance remains during continuous operation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-04-02\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q13. Why is long-duration stability important?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Long-duration stability ensures that experimental results remain consistent over time and that measurements are not affected by gradual intensity drift.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"anchor-04-03\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q14. What is warm-up time?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Warm-up time is the period required after lamp ignition for the irradiance output to reach a stable operating condition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-04-04\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q15. What is a shutter recovery test?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A shutter recovery test evaluates how quickly the irradiance returns to the stable operating level after the optical shutter is reopened.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Ordering and Delivery<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-05-01\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q16. What is the typical lead time?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The typical lead time is approximately three months after receipt of a purchase order, depending on production scheduling and holidays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-05-02\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q17. Do you ship internationally?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Yes. SAN-EI products are delivered worldwide. Delivery is generally arranged under EXW (Ex Works) conditions, and customers arrange transportation and import procedures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Maintenance and Support<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-06-01\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q18. What is the expected lamp lifetime?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Lamp lifetime depends on the operating conditions and model. Typical xenon lamp lifetimes range from several hundred to several thousand hours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-06-02\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q19. Is extended warranty available?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Yes. SAN-EI offers an extended warranty program based on annual review and system condition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor-06-03\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Q20. Is long-term maintenance available?<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Yes. SAN-EI provides long-term maintenance support and inspection services to help maintain stable system performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#\">Back<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/en\/support\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"20\">Return to INDEX<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>General Product Specifications Measurement and Calibration Stability and Performance Ordering and Delivery Mai [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":20,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-58","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/58","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/58\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1034,"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/58\/revisions\/1034"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}