{"id":203,"date":"2026-04-02T15:59:09","date_gmt":"2026-04-02T06:59:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/?page_id=203"},"modified":"2026-06-02T18:33:52","modified_gmt":"2026-06-02T09:33:52","slug":"san-ei-2025-04","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/en\/standards\/san-ei-2025-04\/","title":{"rendered":"SAN-EI 2025-04"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

INDEX<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n

Preface<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>Setting \u201cReference Irradiance\u201d for Measurement<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spectral Match<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spatial Non-Uniformity of Irradiance<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Temporal Instability of Irradiance<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

    \n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    1. Preface<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    From April 1, 2025, SAN-EI will evaluate all SAN-EI AM Solar Simulators in accordance with “IEC 60904-9:2020” and our in-house standard “SAN-EI 2025-04”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    These standards also apply to the maintenance required to preserve the performance of SAN-EI AM Solar Simulators.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    About “SAN-EI 2025-04”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Note: This document follows “IEC 60904-9:2020” and includes additional requirements specified in “SAN-EI 2025-04” where applicable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb Based on customer requests across various fields, we established this in-house standard in April 2025 to evaluate solar-simulator performance under conditions not fully addressed by conventional standards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb “SAN-EI 2025-04” was developed with reference to “IEC 60904-9:2020”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb The content will be updated in line with changes in international standards and customer requirements (the document name may also be updated accordingly).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb Measurement and evaluation at SAN-EI are performed as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb “AM1.5G 300\u20131200 nm” is based on “IEC 60904-9:2020”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb “AM1.5G 300\u20131800 nm and 300\u20132200 nm” complies with “SAN-EI 2025-04”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb “300\u20131200 nm, 300\u20131800 nm and 300\u20132200 nm at AM0” comply with “SAN-EI 2025-04”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb Measurement and evaluation of AM1.5G and AM0 are performed as follows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    2. Setting \u201cReference Irradiance\u201d for Measurement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Measurement Receiver : Pyranometer or Reference Cell<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbWhen \u201cEffective Irradiation Surface\u201d is \u25a140 mm to \u25a150 mm, we use Pyranometer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbWhen \u201cEffective Irradiation Surface\u201d is \u25a170 mm to \u25a1400 mm, we use Reference Cell.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Measurement Position (Working Distance)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbMeasurement Receiver is placed so that its light-receiving surface (sensor surface) is at Working Distance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Measurement Position (on Irradiation Surface)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbCenter of Effective Irradiation Surface<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (Note)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Work Procedure<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2460 Wait until Lamp turns on and becomes “Stable” (20 to 30 minutes).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2461 Using Measuring Receiver, measure Irradiance at 5 points shown in the figure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2462 Non-uniformity among the 5 points is calculated as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (Maximum \u2212 Minimum) \/ (Maximum + Minimum) \u00d7 100 (%)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2463 Adjust Lamp Position so that the calculated value is 1.5\uff05 or less.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u3010AM1.5G\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2464 Adjust Lamp Current so that Center Measurement Value becomes Sensitivity Constant.\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Reference Irradiance<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb1000 W\/m\u00b2\uff08\u00b15\uff05\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbIrradiance is adjusted based on Sensitivity Constant.\u3000\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u3010AM0\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2464 Adjust Lamp Current so that the receiver output (voltage) at the center becomes 1.20 \u00d7 V\u2081\u2080\u2080\u2080,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    where V\u2081\u2080\u2080\u2080 is the output at 1000 W\/m\u00b2 under AM1.5G using the same receiver.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Reference Irradiance<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb1348 W\/m\u00b2\uff08\u00b15\uff05\uff09\u3000—-This value is defined as “1 SUN of AM0”.\u203b\u2776<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbAdjust Irradiance so that Output Voltage of Measurement Receiver is 1.2 times Sensitivity Constant.\u203b\u2777<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u203b\u2776\u3000Reason why “1 SUN of AM0” is “1348 W\/m\u00b2”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    It is well known that “1 SUN of AM1.5G” is “1000 W\/m\u00b2”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    This is “Total Radiant Energy Value from 280 to 4000 nm” based on “ASTM G173-03.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \uff08”ASTM G173-03″ is data on AM1.5G Radiant Energy.\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Similarly, “Total Radiant Energy from 280 to 4000 nm” of “ASTM E-490” is “1348 W\/m\u00b2.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \uff08”ASTM E-490″ is data for AM0 Radiant Energy.\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u203b\u2777\u3000Reason for setting “1.2 times Sensitivity Constant as 1 SUN of AM0”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbThere is no dedicated Measuring Device for Measuring AM0 Light.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbReference Cells and Pyranometers (silicon type) can only measure in 400-1100 nm range.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbTotal Radiant Energy Value of “ASTM G173-03” in “400-1100 nm” range is “759 W\/m\u00b2”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbTotal Radiant Energy Value of “ASTM E-490” in “400-1100 nm” range is “908 W\/m\u00b2”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb\u300c908 W\/m\u00b2\u300d\u00f7\u300c759 W\/m\u00b2\u300d\uff1d1.20<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbRadiant Energy of AM0 at “400-1100 nm” is 1.2 times that of AM1.5G.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbTherefore, “Radiant Energy that is 1.2 times Sensitivity Constant of Measuring Receiver”is defined as “1348 W\/m\u00b2.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \uff08Note\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    It only applies to Light with “Spectral Match of 75-125\uff05.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    3.Spectral Match<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \uff08\uff11\uff09Preparation before Measurement<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Measurement Receiver : Pyranometer or Reference Cell<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbWhen \u201cEffective Irradiation Surface\u201d is \u25a140 mm to \u25a150 mm, a Pyranometer is used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbWhen \u201cEffective Irradiation Surface\u201d is \u25a170 mm to \u25a1400 mm, a Reference Cell is used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Measurement Position (Working Distance)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbMeasurement Receiver is placed so that its light-receiving surface (sensor surface) is at Working Distance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Measurement Position (on Irradiation Surface)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbCenter of Effective Irradiation Surface<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Reference Irradiance<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u3010AM1.5G\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb1000 W\/m\u00b2\uff08\u00b15\uff05\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbIrradiance is adjusted based on Sensitivity Constant.\u3000\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u3010AM0\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb1348 W\/m\u00b2\uff08\u00b15\uff05\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbAdjust Lamp Current so that the receiver output (voltage) at the center becomes 1.20 \u00d7 V\u2081\u2080\u2080\u2080,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    where V\u2081\u2080\u2080\u2080 is the output at 1000 W\/m\u00b2 under AM1.5G using the same receiver.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \uff08\uff12\uff09Measurement and Recording<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Using Spectrometer, measure and record Irradiance in the range 300\u20132200 nm at 1 nm intervals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Measurement positions are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbWhen Effective Irradiation Surface is \u25a140 mm to \u25a1100 mm, only Center in the figure below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbWhen Effective Irradiation Surface is \u25a1160 mm to \u25a1400 mm, 4 points in the figure below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Except for Center, the light-receiving surface edge of Spectrometer is made to contact<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Effective Irradiation Surface Edge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \uff08\uff13\uff09Organizing Measurements<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6<\/strong>Organize the data for each of 4 measurement points. (When Effective Irradiation Surface is \u25a140mm-\u25a1100mm, only Center.)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Calculate Interval Sum for each Wavelength.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Calculate Sum of each Wavelength Range as shown in the table below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Calculate Percentage for each Wavelength Range using the following formula.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6The following formula is used to calculate \u201cSpectral Match\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Extract Minimum and Maximum values from “Spectral Matches” for each Wavelength Range.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Extract Minimum and Maximum values at each Measurement Position (1 or 4).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Minimum and Maximum of all measurements is taken as “Spectral Match” for that product.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \uff08\uff14\uff09Evaluation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Range (Minimum to Maximum) of “Spectral Match” determined above is evaluated based on the table below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    (Note)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    IEC-defined grades (AM1.5G, 300\u20131200 nm): A+, A, B, C. This document also defines A++ as an enhanced grade stricter than IEC A+.
    SAN-EI-defined grades (300\u20131800 nm and 300\u20132200 nm): S\/S+\/S++ and SS\/SS+\/SS++.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    for extended wavelength ranges (300\u20131800 nm and 300\u20132200 nm).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Grades B and C are IEC-compatible and apply only to the 300\u20131200 nm column.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    4. Spatial Non-Uniformity of Irradiance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \uff08\uff11\uff09Preparation before Measurement<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Measurement Receiver : Pyranometer or Reference Cell<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbWhen \u201cEffective Irradiation Surface\u201d is \u25a140 mm to \u25a150 mm, a Pyranometer is used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbWhen \u201cEffective Irradiation Surface\u201d is \u25a170 mm to \u25a1400 mm, a Reference Cell is used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Measurement Position (Working Distance)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbMeasurement Receiver is placed so that its light-receiving surface (sensor surface) is at Working Distance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Measurement Position (on Irradiation Surface)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbCenter of Effective Irradiation Surface<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Reference Irradiance<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u3010AM1.5G\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb1000 W\/m\u00b2\uff08\u00b15\uff05\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbIrradiance is adjusted based on Sensitivity Constant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u3010AM0\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb1348 W\/m\u00b2\uff08\u00b15\uff05\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbAdjust Lamp Current so that the receiver output (voltage) at the center becomes 1.20 \u00d7 V\u2081\u2080\u2080\u2080, where V\u2081\u2080\u2080\u2080 is the output at 1000 W\/m\u00b2 under AM1.5G using the same receiver.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \uff08\uff12\uff09Measurement and Recording<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Measurements shall be performed as specified in the table below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Measurement Receiver is placed so that its light-receiving surface is at Working Distance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Measurement Position (on Irradiation Surface)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbMeasure 25 to 400 points as shown in the table below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (Note) Align the edge of the light-receiving surface of Measurement Receiver<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    with the edge of Effective Irradiation Surface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6The reading on Measurement Receiver\uff08output voltage) will fluctuate slightly, so record Intermediate Value.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \uff08\uff13\uff09Organizing Measurements<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Extract Minimum and Maximum Output Voltage from Measurement Receiver<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Calculate “Irradiance non-uniformity” using the following formula.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (Maximum \u2212 Minimum) \/ (Maximum + Minimum) \u00d7 100 (%)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Create a chart<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \uff08\uff14\uff09Evaluation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6”Irradiance non-uniformity” calculated using the above formula<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    is evaluated based on the table below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    5. Temporal Instability of Irradiance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \uff08\uff11\uff09Preparation before Measurement<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Measurement Receiver : Pyranometer or Reference Cell<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbWhen \u201cEffective Irradiation Surface\u201d is \u25a140 mm to \u25a150 mm, a Pyranometer is used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbWhen \u201cEffective Irradiation Surface\u201d is \u25a170 mm to \u25a1400 mm, a Reference Cell is used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Measurement Position (Working Distance)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbMeasurement Receiver is placed so that its light-receiving surface (sensor surface) is at Working Distance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Measurement Position (on Irradiation Surface)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbCenter of Effective Irradiation Surface<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Reference Irradiance<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u3010AM1.5G\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb1000 W\/m\u00b2\uff08\u00b15\uff05\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbIrradiance is adjusted based on Sensitivity Constant.\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u3010AM0\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fb1348 W\/m\u00b2\uff08\u00b15\uff05\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbAdjust Lamp Current so that the receiver output (voltage) at the center becomes 1.20 \u00d7 V\u2081\u2080\u2080\u2080,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    where V\u2081\u2080\u2080\u2080 is the output at 1000 W\/m\u00b2 under AM1.5G using the same receiver.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \uff08\uff12\uff09Measurement and Recording<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Short Term Instability \uff08STI\uff09\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbMeasured 30 minutes after the lamp is switched on<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbMeasurement Interval              : 1\/1000 seconds<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbMeasurement Time (number of times) : 1 second (1000 times)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbMeasurement and Recording using Measurement Receiver and Data Logger<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Long Term Instability \uff08LTI\uff09\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbMeasured 30 minutes after the lamp is switched on<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbMeasurement Interval              : 1\/2 seconds<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbMeasurement Time (number of times) : 1 hour (7200 times)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u30fbMeasurement and Recording using Measurement Receiver and Data Logger<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \uff08\uff13\uff09Organizing Measurements<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Extract Minimum and Maximum Output Voltage from Measurement Receiver<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Calculate “Temporal Instability” using the following formula.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (Maximum \u2212 Minimum) \/ (Maximum + Minimum) \u00d7 100 (%)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6Create a chart<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \uff08\uff14\uff09Evaluation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u25c6”Temporal Instability” calculated using the above formula is evaluated based on the table below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

    Return to INDEX<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    INDEX Preface Setting \u201cReference Irradiance\u201d for Measurement Spectral Match Spatial Non-Uniformity of Irradian […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":200,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-203","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/203","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=203"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/203\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1660,"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/203\/revisions\/1660"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/200"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.san-eielectric.co.jp\/am\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=203"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}